What does the M in CLAMS represent?

The M in CLAMS represents "Manipulation of Electrode." In the context of Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW), manipulation refers to how the welder moves the electrode during the welding process. This movement is critical as it directly influences the shape and size of the weld, the heat input, and the overall quality of the weld. Different welding techniques and patterns—such as stringers, weaves, or circles—can be adopted based on the manipulation practiced by the welder to achieve the desired weld joint characteristics. Understanding electrode manipulation is essential for effective welds, ensuring proper penetration and fusion of the base materials.