What does "arc length" refer to in SMAW?

Arc length in Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) specifically refers to the distance between the tip of the electrode and the base metal being welded. This measurement is crucial for establishing the correct arc stability and heat input during the welding process. A shorter arc length can lead to a more focused arc and increased heat concentration, while a longer arc length may result in a less stable arc and potentially poorer weld quality.

Understanding arc length is essential for adjusting welding parameters to achieve optimal penetration and bead shape. By maintaining an appropriate arc length, welders can ensure a proper melting of the base materials and electrode, leading to stronger and more uniform welds.